Normal Insulin Metabolism and the Glucose Homeostasis
Normal Insul i n Metabo l ism and the Glucose Homeosta s is The nor m al glucose ho m eostasis is tightly r e gulated by three inter related process. Hepatic glucose production Glucose intake and utilization by Insulin secretion. Insulin secretion is m odulated such that glucose product i on and utilization rise or fall to m aintain nor m al blood glucose levels, the hu m an insulin MRna is transcribed. Translocation of m essage occurs in the rough endoplas m i c reticulum yielding a pre-pro insulin, there follows a proteol y tic cleava g e of pre-peptide sequences to yield a pro insulin, and in the gol g i appar a tus cl eavage of t h e C-peptides to y ield in s ulin s equen c e, both insulin and c-peptides are st or ed in secretory granules and secreted together after a physiological sti m ulus. The release of insu...