Congenital abnormalities of newborn
INTRODUCTION Looking forward to the arrival of a healthy baby is very prospective parents dream. Sadly for some this dream is shattered when the presence of some form of abnormality is recognized prenatally, at birth or in the neonatal period. The incidence of significant congenital malformalities is about 2-5% at birth. DEFINITION Any defect of form, structure or function occurring during conception or in fetal life is termed as congenital abnormality. ETIOLOGY Genetics The defect is inherited through the genes in the ovum or sperm. Single gene disorder either autosomal or X linked which may be dominant or recessive may be found. Environmental factors · Advancing maternal age · Adverse effects of drugs · Infections · Maternal malnutritions, metabolic and endocrine disorders · Radiation and chemicals CONGENITAL ABNORMALITY GASTRO INTESTINAL MALFORMATIONS OESOPHA