Online Course Portal for Campus

1. INTRODUCTION

This project contains all the details of the students that can be viewed by all the users (read only), but can be modified only by the student with an authorized service. By maintaining student’s information, the system helps to have selections to be made easy for a company in its test for the recruitment process. The students can update their own information only.

Students can search for the material required for the selection process such as aptitude, reasoning…etc and various websites for placement papers. Events happening in the college and the achievements of the student’s i.e. selected students’ details can be viewed by all the users.

So, our project provides a facility of maintaining the details of the students, and gets the requested list of candidates for the companies who would like to recruit the people based on a given query.

2. EXISTING SYSTEM

The earlier system is not computerized. All transactions in the system are done manually maintaining records. To make this laborious job simple the clients have to computerize the system.

The management and all the departments that have been carrying out this job using manually makes the job more complicated and tedious most of the times. So, the best way is computerize computerization of the current environment.

For example, in the earlier system placement officer has to collect student details for placements. Approving those student details takes lot of time. Placement officer and students have to consult each other directly if any information is needed. If any new company come for placements, placement officer and his staff has to search the student details and they have to find the eligible candidates for that particular company placement.

Here searching for eligible candidates takes lots of time. And some times some candidates’ details may be missed.

3. PROPOSED SYSTEM

The proposed system is fully computerized, which removes all the drawbacks of existing system. Proposed system is an online application that can be accessed throughout the organization and outside as well with proper login provided. This system can be used as an application for the TPO of the college to manage the student information with regards to placement. Students logging should be able to upload their information in the form of a CV. Visitors/Company representatives logging in may also access/search any information put up by Students.

All the users have some common services like changing password, updating details, searching for details, checking the details, mailing to administrator, and reading the material uploaded by admin if the user is a student. Administrator has to do the services like adding events, achievements and he can reply to the mails sent by users. He can upload materials, search for student details, and he has the right to approve the students.

4. ADVANTAGES

1. The application is used to maintain the updated information about the final year students and passed out students securely

2. The application is used to provide details of the courses information offered by the course handler

3. The application is faster and efficient.

4. The application is very useful in cases where a users needs to select the course details from list.

5. Project Modules

There are mainly 3 modules in the project “ONLINE COURSE PORTAL FOR CAMPUS“

1. Student Module: This module has the information about the number of students who have taken admission for the online course portal

2. Profile Student: The module is concerned with the profile of the students.

3. Recruitment Module: The module is concerned with the recruitment of the students.

4. Requirement Module: The module is concerned with the requirement of the students.

5. Administrative Module: This module is concerned with the administrative work of the application. Admin will be able to do all the nessacity changes to the application.

6. SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION

6.1 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

1. Visual Web Developer

2. sql server 2008

3. C# language

4. HTML, JavaScript

5. Windows XP operating system

6.2 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

1. 256 MB RAM

2. 20 GB hard disk(at least)

3. Pentium Pro

7. ASP.NET

Open your favorite text editor, Notepad will suffice, and paste the following HTML code. Save the document as nowhere.html. Next, open the HTML file in your browser of choice. The following HTML code will set up a perfectly clear HTML form that sends information into the ether:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">

<head>

<title>HTML to Nowhere</title>

</head>

<body>

<form>

Please enter your name:<br/>

<p/>

Press the button to receive all of your hopes and dreams:<br/>

</form>

</body>

</html>

When you test the code after you enter your name and click the Dream Button (a thinly disguised submit button), your output will look just like Figure 1-1. Without some kind of mechanism to capture and store the information or pass it on to somewhere else, all you have is an HTML white elephant. What ASP.NET 3.5 offers is a way to store, retrieve, and process the information. Other than storing cookies on the visitor’s computer, you can’t do too much with HTML when it comes to controlling the state of your data.

Your Browser Is a Thin Client

Your browser’s main job is requesting pages from the server and displaying what the server has processed. Using HTTP as a transfer protocol, your browser parses (interprets) the HTML code it gets from the server, but otherwise does little processing. Because your HTTP client (browser) leaves most of the processing work to the server, it is considered a thin client. There’s nothing wrong with a thin client, and it can process JavaScript.

With plug-ins, which virtually all browsers have built in, a thin client can also process certain kinds of files such as SWF (compiled Adobe Flash files), Java Applets, ActiveX Controls, as well as other files requiring that the browser have compatible plug-ins. For the most part, though, the thin client model is one where the server does the processing, and your browser’s job is to display the contents it gets from the server.

A Protocol without a Country: Stateless HTTP

In addition to being a thin client, your HTTP client browser is stateless. As soon as a web page reaches your computer, the connection between your browser and the server is broken. The browser does not remember the last page it does not hold state. As soon as the next page arrives, it does not remember the last page.

You may be thinking that your cache holds lots of previous pages and that your browser’s history feature remembers previous pages. That’s not what retaining state means. You cannot use the data and information in your cache or the browser’s history as states to use with the current page in memory. What is in active memory is the web page that the server has sent; the state of the previous page is not there. As soon as you load a page, the previous page is kicked out, and the new page is placed there.

Just as the information you place in a text input box is sent to silicon oblivion when you click the Submit button, knowledge of the previous page (its state) is gone when the new page arrives. A well-organized web site may appear to maintain state as the links oN pages connect to a set of related pages, but that is an illusion that the web designer has crafted by good planning.

8. ASP.NET 3.5 as an Alternative to CGI

Microsoft’s alternative to a Common Gateway Interface (CGI) is ASP.NET, now in version 3.5. As a unified web platform, ASP.NET provides what you need to develop applications that hold state and use the information that you put into the HTML form.

Instead of sending form information into a vacuum when you click a submit button, your data goes where it can be stored temporarily or permanently. Usually, when we think of saving state, we imagine writing the data to a storage device like a hard drive. Using a word processor, every time you save your file, you save its state. Using ASP.NET, you can do the same thing with information from anyone who uses your web application. This allows you to build applications where the information entered can be stored for use with either the next HTTP request or with a whole set of data entered by users all over the world that’s quite a feat compared with saving state in your word processor file. ASP.NET’s state-management facilities provide you with the tools that you need to control state. You do not necessarily want to save all states of a web page, but you certainly want to save the state of data entered by users and perhaps the URL of a page. Having state management allows you to do this.

Microsoft’s web server, Internet Information Services (IIS), uses the Internet Server API (ISAPI) to make function calls instead of using CGI scripts. By using ISAPI, developers can create web-based applications that execute faster and have greater extensibility than CGI, among other advantages. At the lowest level, ASP.NET interfaces with IIS through an ISAPI extension. However, this book focuses on the high-level interaction with ISAPI in the form of ASP.NET and code written in C# (pronounced “C sharp”) that use ASP.NET. So rather than having to deal with the fine-grained, low-level communications, ASP.NET allows you to write your scripts in C#. Another way of looking at ASP.NET is as a request processing engine that takes incoming requests and sends them to a point where you can attach your C# script to process the request.

So while we are not going to spend time dwelling on the low-level operations, you can rest assured that those operations are handled in an efficient manner. Using managed code, the Microsoft name for code that executes under the management of the .NET framework, an application is executed by a virtual machine rather than by your own processor. Both C# and Visual Basic.NET (VB.NET) are languages for creating managed code that is efficiently run in the .NET environment.

8.1 From Client Side to Server Side

As you saw in Figure 1-2, all that the web browser does is make requests to the server and receive web pages in the form of HTML. The browser takes the HTML and constructs a page for viewing on your browser. For the most part, that’s what will continue to occur when you adopt ASP.NET. The main difference is that by writing and executing serverside code, you can generate HTML that effectively handles dynamic states so that you can use and reuse a given state. Figure 1-3 shows the general flow when an ASPX file on a Microsoft server receives a call from the client.

In looking for an example, we need look no further than the original example of the HTML page with the form. With a server-side program to catch the data that is sent to the server, lots of processes on the server are possible. Suppose the user enters the name, Willie B. Goode. The server-side file can use the property name, username, to extract a value. In this case, it would extract the name Willie B. Goode and do something with it. It might run a SQL script to store the name in a database, compare it with a password, or it could pass information about Willie B. Goode back to the browser in HTML.

To get an idea of the differences and similarities between HTML and ASP.NET, we can take the HTML form and add a calculated response from the server. In this next example, you will see two scripts. One is the ASP.NET script and the other is the C# code using a code behind file to serve as the event engine for the application. The form tag

includes a name and the code

runat="server"

What distinguishes the web hobbyist from the professional developer is the ability to store and retrieve data from a server over the Internet. Some readers may have made that step with PHP or Perl, and for them the journey has already begun. For others, ASP.NET 3.5 is just the next step in the growth and development of ASP.NET. For them, much will be familiar and some will be very new. If the transition is from ASP.NET using Visual Basic to ASP.NET with C#, then you will find even more new, and the transition to C# is going to be easier than many imagine. Still others are making the first step into the realm of server-side programming, so just about everything about ASP.NET 3.5 and C# 3.0 is new.For those using ASP.NET for the first time, the good news is that the transition to the server side could hardly be easier. Everything in this book is set up to learn ASP.NET 3.5 and C# 3.0 using Visual Studio 2008.

Using the tools built into Visual Studio 2008, you will quickly learn that most of what needs to be done can be accomplished by dragging controls into a visual editor. And with the “code behind” method, C# is added in a separate file, so when editing code, you will see a clear separation the C# 3.0 code comes “behind” the ASP.NET 3.5 code. For the most part, though, you need only a minimum of coding skills in either ASP.NET, which feels a lot like HTML, or C#, which has many features recognizable from JavaScript. However, make no mistake about it, C# 3.0 is a full-fledged coding language with the power of any good object-oriented programming (OOP) language.

Most of the C# you need is simply working with functions and subroutines called by ASP.NET events. As a result, learning C# is quite simple, and you’ll get a lot of help from Visual Studio 2008 coding tips and built-in IntelliSense. However, if you wish not to use Visual Studio 2008, all of the code for both the ASP.NET and C# is provided as well. (You can program it all using Notepad if you like!) You can find a free Express version of Visual Studio 2008 at www.micr osoft.com/express/download/, and it has much of the functionality of the full-fledged version. Likewise, you will find an Express Edition of SQL Server 2005, and with them both you can learn ASP.NET 3.5 and C# 3.0 on a budget while using a powerful development tool.

However, not only can you use plain HTML forms, ASP.NET 3.5 has some web controls that are almost identical to HTML forms except they have far more functionality. In no time, you’ll be working with tables and databases to store, fetch, change, and delete a wide variety of data. In addition to the HTML-like controls, a whole other set of web controls is available to work with data and create objects that HTML cannot. For example, if your web site needs a calendar, all you have to do with ASP.NET 3.5 is add a calendar control by dragging it from the Toolbox and into the editor. Then you can use the Calendar properties to perform other functions, like reminding you of your upcoming anniversary. (Getting that right can be worth the price of this book!)

All in all, my hope is that you will enjoy working with ASP.NET 3.5 and C# 3.0 as much as I have. Not only is it very easy to develop rich interactive web sites using ASP.NET, but in conjunction with C# 3.0, the toolset is also a very powerful one. With it, you have the best of all worlds.

In this tutorial we will explore this wonderful free tool along with its advantages especially for new web developers. After downloading and installing the Visual Web Developer 2005 express edition form this link, run it and you will get this start up page as shown in figure1 below.

As you see, it nearly seems like Visual Studio 2005. If you clicked the "File" menu you will see the menu item "New Web Site ...", you can not create other types of applications except web applications.

As Visual Studio you will have a toolbox, a properties window, a solution explorer window, a debugging menu, and so on. All these items give you the ability to control your application and visually designing it in a simple WYSIWYG drag and drop interface.

9. Visually Design Your Data

Visual Web Developer provides a set of controls dialogs and wizards to help you in communicating with a certain database or data source. First of all you can install SQL Server 2005 Express Edition while you are installing the Visual Web Developer. SQL Server Express Edition is a lightweight database server designed for smaller load web sites. Now let's browse what Visual Web Developer provides for ease of using manipulating and requesting data from a data source.

Data Source Configuration Wizard provides a step by step wizard to help you connecting to a data source, whether this source is an SQL database, an Access database, an XML database, and more. The wizard dynamically pulls the tables along with their fields from the data source allowing you to select the fields you want to display.

10. ASP.NET FRAMEWORK

ASP.NET Framework is a web application framework developed and marketed by Microsoft to allow programmers to build dynamic web sites, web applications and web services. It was first released in January 2002 with version 1.0 of the .NET Framework, and is the successor to Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) technology. ASP.NET is built on the Common Language Runtime (CLR), allowing programmers to write ASP.NET code using any supported .NET language. The ASP.NET SOAP extension framework allows ASP.NET components to process SOAP messages.

10.1 CHARECTERISTIC:

Pages

ASP.NET web pages or webpage, known officially as "web forms", are the main building block for application development. Web forms are contained in files with an ".aspx" extension; these files typically contain static (X)HTML markup, as well as markup defining server-side Web Controls and User Controls where the developers place all the required static and dynamic content for the web page.

Additionally, dynamic code which runs on the server can be placed in a page within a block <% -- dynamic code -- %>, which is similar to other web development technologies such as PHP, JSP, and ASP. With ASP.NET Framework 2.0, Microsoft introduced a new code-behind model which allows static text to remain on the .aspx page, while dynamic code remains in an .aspx.vb or .aspx.cs file (depending on the programming language used).

10.2 Code-behind model

Microsoft recommends dealing with dynamic program code by using the code-behind model, which places this code in a separate file or in a specially designated script tag. Code-behind files typically have names like MyPage.aspx.cs or MyPage.aspx.vb while the page file isMyPage.aspx (same filename as the page file (ASPX), but with the final extension denoting the page language). This practice is automatic inMicrosoft Visual Studio and other IDEs. When using this style of programming, the developer writes code to respond to different events, like the page being loaded, or a control being clicked, rather than a procedural walk through of the document.

ASP.NET's code-behind model marks a departure from Classic ASP in that it encourages developers to build applications with separation of presentation and content in mind. In theory, this would allow a web designer, for example, to focus on the design markup with less potential for disturbing the programming code that drives it. This is similar to the separation of the controller from the view in Model–View–Controller(MVC) frameworks.

10.3 Directives

A directive is special instructions on how ASP.NET should process the page. The most common directive is <%@ Page %> which can specify many things, such as which programming language is used for the server-side code.

Examples

<%@ Page Language="C#" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "---//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<script runat="server">

  protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

    lbl1.Text = DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString();

</script>

 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head runat="server">

  <title>Sample page</title>

</head>

<body>

  <form id="form1" runat="server">

    <div>

      The current time is: <asp:Label runat="server" id="lbl1" />

    </div>

  </form>

</body>

</html>

The above page renders with the Text "The current time is: " and the <asp:Label> Text is set with the current time, upon render.

10.4 ASP.NET CODE

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">

<head>

<title>HTML to Nowhere</title>

</head>

<body>

<form>

Please enter your name:<br/>

<p/>

Press the button to receive all of your hopes and dreams:<br/>

</form>

</body>

</html>

Using HTTP as a transfer protocol, your browser parses (interprets) the HTML code it gets from the server, but otherwise does little processing. Because your HTTP client (browser) leaves most of the processing work to the server, it is considered a thin client. There’s nothing wrong with a thin client, and it can process JavaScript. Withplug-ins, which virtually all browsers have built in, a thin client can also process certain kinds of files such as SWF (compiled Adobe Flash files), Java Applets, ActiveX Controls, as well as other files requiring that the browser have compatible plug-ins.

For the most part, though, the thin client model is one where the server does the processing, and your browser’s job is to display the contents it gets from the server.

A Protocol without a Country: Stateless HTTP In addition to being a thin client, your HTTP client browser is stateless. As soon as a web page reaches your computer, the connection between your browser and the server is broken. The browser does not remember the last page—it does not hold state. As soon as the next page arrives, it does not remember the last page. You may be thinking that your cache holds lots of previous pages and that your browser’s history feature remembers previous pages. That’s not what retaining state means. You cannot use the data and information in your cache or the browser’s history as states to use with the current page in memory. What is in active memory is the web page that the server has sent; the state of the previous page is not there. As soon as you load a page, the previous page is kicked out, and the new page is placed there. Just as the information you place in a text input box is sent to silicon oblivion when you click the Submit button, knowledge of the previous page (its state) is gone when the new page arrives. A well-organized web site may appear to maintain state as the links on pages connect to a set of related pages, but that is an illusion that the web designer has crafted by good planning.

11. ASP.NET 3.5 FROM CLIENT TO SERVER SIDE

Microsoft’s alternative to a Common Gateway Interface (CGI) is ASP.NET, now inversion 3.5. As a unified web platform, ASP.NET provides what you need to develop applications that hold state and use the information that you put into the HTML form.

Having state management allows you to do this. Microsoft’s web server, Internet Information Services (IIS), uses the Internet Server API (ISAPI) to make function calls instead of using CGI scripts. By using ISAPI, developers can create web-based applications that execute faster and have greater extensibility than CGI, among other advantages. At the lowest level, ASP.NET interfaces with IIS through an ISAPI extension. However, this book focuses on the high-level interaction with ISAPI in the form of ASP.NET and code written in C# (pronounced “C sharp”) that use ASP.NET. So rather than having to deal with the fine-grained, low-level communications, ASP.NET allows you to write your scripts in C#. Another way of looking at ASP.NET is as a request processing engine that takes incoming requests and sends them to a point where you can attach your C# script to process the request.

11.1 From Client Side to Server Side

Figure 1-3 shows the general flow when an ASPX file on a Microsoft server receives a call from the client. In looking for an example, we need look no further than the original example of the HTML page with the form. With a server-side program to catch the data that is sent to the server, lots of processes on the server are possible. Suppose the user enters the name, Willie B. Goode. The server-side file can use the property name, username, to extract a value. In this case, it would extract the name Willie B. Goode and do something with it. It might run a SQL script to store the name in a database, compare it with a password, or it could pass information about Willie B. Goode back to the browser in HTML.

However, make no mistake about it, C# 3.0 is a full-fledged coding language with the power of any good object-oriented programming (OOP) language. Most of the C# you need is simply working with functions and subroutines called by ASP.NET events. As a result, learning C# is quite simple, and you’ll get a lot of help from Visual Studio 2008 coding tips and built-in IntelliSense. However, if you wish not to use Visual Studio 2008, all of the code for both the ASP.NET and C# is provided as well. (You can program it all using Notepad if you like!) You can find a free Express version of Visual Studio 2008 at www.micr osoft.com/express/download/, and it has much of the functionality of the full-fledged version.

Likewise, you will find an Express Edition of SQL Server 2005, and with them both you can learn ASP.NET 3.5 and C# 3.0 on a budget while using a powerful development tool.

The main use of ASP.NET in conjunction with C# and Structured Query Language (SQL) is to store user input in a database and get it back again. If you’ve ever dealt with forms in HTML, you may know how frustrating it is to build a web site with data entry that cannot be stored. In fact, without some kind of storage facility and the tools required to place the data in storage, HTML forms have very limited use. However, not only can you use plain HTML forms, ASP.NET 3.5 has some web controls that are almost identical to HTML forms except they have far more functionality. In no time, you’ll be working with tables and databases to store, fetch, change, and delete a wide variety of data. In addition to the HTML-like controls, a whole other set of web controls is available to work with data and create objects that HTML cannot. For example, if your web site needs a calendar, all you have to do with ASP.NET 3.5 is add a calendar control by dragging it from the Toolbox and into the editor. Then you can use the Calendar properties to perform other functions, like reminding you of your upcoming anniversary. (Getting that right can be worth the price of this book!)

runat="server"

Still others are making the first step into the realm of server-side programming, so just about everything about ASP.NET 3.5 and C# 3.0 is new. For those using ASP.NET for the first time, the good news is that the transition to the server side could hardly be easier. Everything in this book is set up to learn ASP.NET 3.5 and C# 3.0 using Visual Studio 2008. Using the tools built into Visual Studio 2008, you will quickly learn that most of what needs to be done can be accomplished by dragging controls into a visual editor.

And with the “code behind” method, C# is added in a separate file, so when editing code, you will see a clear separation the C# 3.0 code comes “behind” the ASP.NET 3.5 code. For the most part, though, you need only a minimum of coding skills in either ASP.NET, which feels a lot like HTML, or C#, which has many features recognizable from JavaScript. However, make no mistake about it, C# 3.0 is a full-fledged coding language with the power of any good object-oriented programming (OOP) language. Most of the C# you need is simply working with functions and subroutines called by ASP.NET events. As a result, learning C# is quite simple, and you’ll get a lot of help from Visual Studio 2008 coding tips and built-in IntelliSense. However, if you wish not to use Visual Studio 2008, all of the code for both the ASP.NET and C# is provided as well.

(You can program it all using Notepad if you like!) You can find a free Express version of Visual Studio 2008 at www.micr osoft.com/ express/download/, and it has much of the functionality of the full-fledged version. Likewise, you will find an Express Edition of SQL Server 2005, and with them both you can learn ASP.NET 3.5 and C# 3.0 on a budget while using a powerful development tool.

Then you can use the Calendar properties to perform other functions, like reminding you of your upcoming anniversary. (Getting that right can be worth the price of this book!)

of all worlds.

12. C#.NET

12.1 Basic .NET or C#.

Most of the samples in this book were written by hand, without the help of Visual Studio .NET. That’s not a knock on Visual Studio .NET; it’s evidence of my belief that learning is best accomplished by coding and not by having someone else code for you. Once you understand what goes into a Windows form or a Web form or a Web service, you’ll find Visual Studio .NET an able partner in helping to create them. Writing applications the old-fashioned way first will increase your depth of understanding and better prepare you to work in an environment in which tools shoulder part of the load for you.

C# (see section on name, pronunciation) is an object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft as part of the .NET initiative and later approved as a standard by ECMA and ISO.

Anders Hejlsberg leads development of the C# language, which has a procedural, object-oriented syntax based on C++ and includes aspects of several other programming languages (most notably Delphi and Java) with a particular emphasis on simplification.

C# principal designer and lead architect at Microsoft is Anders Hejlsberg. His previous experience in programming language and framework design (Visual J++, Borland Delphi, and Turbo Pascal) can be readily seen in the syntax of the C# language, as well as throughout the Common Language Runtime (CLR) core.

C# is intended to be a simple, modern, general-purpose, object-oriented programming language.

12.2 .NET Framework 1.1

This is the first major .NET Framework upgrade. It is available on its own as a redistributable package or in a software development kit, and was published April 3, 2003. It is also part of the second release of Microsoft Visual Studio .NET (released as Visual Studio .NET 2003). This is the first version of the .NET Framework to be included as part of the Windows operating system, shipping with Windows Server 2003.

12.3 Why C#?

Many people believed that there was no need for a new programming language. Java, C++, Perl, Microsoft Visual Basic, and other existing languages were believed to offer all the functionality needed.

C# is a language derived from C and C++, but it was created from the ground up. Microsoft started with what worked in C and C++ and included new features that would make these languages easier to use. Many of these features are very similar to what can be found in Java. Ultimately, Microsoft had a number of objectives when building the language. These objectives can be summarized in the claims Microsoft makes about C#:

C# is simple.

C# is modern.

C# is object-oriented.

In addition to Microsoft's reasons, there are other reasons to use C#:

C# is powerful and flexible.

C# is a language of few words.

C# is modular.

C# will be popular.

C# Is Simple

C# removes some of the complexities of languages such as Java and C++, including the removal of macros, templates (in the form of Generic in C# 2.0), multiple inheritance, and virtual base classes. These are all areas that cause either confusion or potential problems for C++ developers.

12.4 What is C#?

C# (pronounced C sharp) is a new programming language introduced by Microsoft with the Microsoft .NET framework. It was first created in the late 1990's as part of Microsoft’s.NET strategy. It is a new language free of backward compatibility and a bunch of new, exciting and promising features.

It is an Object Oriented Programming language, which at its core, and has similarities with Java, C++ and VB. The main brains behind C# were Anders Hejlsberg and Scott Wiltamuth. However, many other personalities like Rob Howard, Scott Guthrie were also involved behind C# and the .NET Framework.

In fact, C# combines the power & efficiency of C++, simple & clean Object Oriented design of Java, and code simplification of Visual Basic. Like Java, C# also does not allow multiple inheritance and use of pointers (in safe and managed code) while it does provide garbage memory collection at runtime, type and memory access checking.

But, contrary to java, C# keeps the different useful concepts of C++ like operator overloading, enumerations, pre-processor directives, pointers (in unmanaged and un-safe code), function pointers (in the form of delegates), also promises to have template support (with the name of generics) in next versions. Like VB it also supports the concepts of properties (context sensitive accessor to fields).

In addition to this, C# comes up with some new/exciting features like reflections, attributes, marshalling, remoting, threads, streams, data access with ADO.NET, etc. C# programming language is designed from the scratch keeping in mind the Microsoft.Net environment. MS.Net (and thus C#) programs runs on top of the Common Language Runtime (CLR), which provides the runtime support to them.

C# has been standardized by ECMA (European Computer Manufactures Association)

Microsoft originally released beta versions of .NET framework to get feedback about the product from developers and customers. Based on the feedback, received from them for the first beta, Microsoft released second beta in early 2001. Finally, they released final versions of C# under the name, .NET Framework 1.0 in 2002 and that of 1.1 in 2003.

With each release, the product shipped with improved features for developing secured and scalable applications along with high quality documentation. Like C++ and Java, C# is an object oriented programming language. In fact all .NET languages are object oriented since they all have the .NET Framework built into them.

13. HTML

Learn basic HTML to create your Web site. Basic HTML is not hard to learn. Learning HTML is probably the single most important thing you'll ever do if you want to create your own personal Web site. You must learn HTML to design good pages because it is the language in which Web site on the Internet are based on.

Web sites are a great way to show off something in your life. Basic HTML will let you show the world whatever it is you want to show them on your Web site. Adding colors, changing text size and including pictures on your Web site are just a few of the things you can do when you learn basic HTML.

To learn basic HTML you must keep in mind that it's simply a series of letters that are abbreviations of what they actually stand for. For example, H1 stands for a heading for a paragraph that is the first of five sizes and BR is a line break.

One important thing to remember, while you learn basic HTML, is that on a Web page the HTML tags must come in a certain order and most HTML tags must have a start and end tag for the browser to recognize the command. An end tag is just simply the same as the start tag except that it starts with the / symbol. A heading would look like this<H1>Heading Here</H1>. There is a start tag,H1, the heading, and an end tag, /H1.

Learn basic HTML the right way and remember that the tags must come in a certain order. The basic structure of a web page is as follows:

<HTML>

<HEAD> Here you can put important document information such as frames, language, and special instructions.

<TITLE>Title of your page.</TITLE>

</HEAD>

<BODY> Put your story, pictures, links, and everything else here.

<H1>Heading of your paragraph.</H1>

<P>This is where you enter the text of your document.</P>

This is how to write a link:

<A HREF="http://www.nameofpage.com">Title or what you want to say.</A>

</BODY>

</HTML>

You can also enter a link into the middle of a sentence. If I wanted to say "Microsoft has some wonderful demos." It would look like this:

<A HREF="http://www.microsoft.com/en/us/default.aspx">Microsoft </A>has some wonderful demos to help you learn basic HTML.

You not only can create links to other pages but you can also create links to another place on the same page. If I wanted you to go back to the beginning of this article I would say something like "Go Back" and by clicking on the hyperlink you would go back to the beginning. This one is a little more difficult because there are two parts to it. First of all you create your link:

<A HREF="nameofdocument#There">Go Back</A>

The word "There" is the word I want to take you back to so now I must go to that word and create and anchor so the link I just created knows where to go:

<A NAME="There">There</A>

When you learn basic HTML you can write your Web site in the text editor that comes with Windows, programs such as NoteTab and Arachnophilia, or one that comes with your web browser. Either way if you just follow the rules from when you learned basic HTML everything will turn out just fine.

The CSS visual formatting model is a way of laying out documents on visual media (such as a computer screen or a printed page). By all accounts, it is a very simple formatting model, and the publishing world has seen much more complicated ones. Still, it is not something that is simple to explain or grasp in a few words.Various CSS properties are used to control how a document will appear in the context of this formatting model. You have seen most of them in the examples used so far, but I haven't explained their usage because I have to explain the formatting model first.

As I said, the formatting model is a pretty complicated affair. As if that wasn't enough, though, the implementations that exist, most notably in Microsoft Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator, are respectably problematic and horrible. Explorer does a pretty good job of sticking to the model, and will behave sensibly with a few exceptions that can be dealt with simply. Navigator, on the other hand, has its own concept of what the various properties should do. Instead of going through the theory and observing the bugs in Explorer and Navigator along the way, as I have done in the tutorials so far, I will explain the theory, that is how the CSS specification explains formatting should be done, in this tutorial, and deal with the implementations in the next one. I hope this makes the whole process easier to understand.

13.1 What Is a Tag?

A tag is a method of formatting HTML documents. With tags you can create italic or bold characters, make things blink, and can control the color and size of the lettering. Tags can be "nested". This means that you can make something bold and italic and green and blinking by simply surrounding the previous tag with the next.

Tags can be used to insert pictures and graphics.

Tags can be used to create bulleted lists like this one, or numbered lists.

Tags look something like this: <b> chosen text </b> .

All tags use the < and > (less-than and greater-than symbols) to signal the browser. These are located above the comma and period keys.

Within a tag, capitalization doesn't matter. <FONT> is the same as <font> or <Font> . I usually don't bother capitalizing when I use tags. Below, I have used capital letters when I felt that the number "1" and the letter "l" might be confused.

It is essential to always close the tags! If not, the formatting will contaminate everything that follows it. But don't panic, closing tags is very easy, and even the most experienced surfers sometimes forget.

14. SQL SERVER 2008

14.1 Structured Query Language (SQL)

To work with data in a database, you must use a set of commands and statements (language) defined by the DBMS software. There are several different languages that can be used with relational databases; the most common is SQL. Standards for SQL have been defined by both the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the International Standards Organization (ISO). Most modern DBMS products support the Entry Level of SQL-92, the latest SQL standard (published in 1992).

14.2 Client/Server Architecture

Microsoft® SQL Server™ is designed to work effectively in a number of environments:

As a two-tier or multitier client/server database system

As a desktop database system

Client/Server Database Systems

Client/server systems are constructed so that the database can reside on a central computer, known as a server, and be shared among several users. Users access the server through a client or server application:

In a two-tier client/server system, users run an application on their local computer, known as a client, that connects over a network to the server running SQL Server. The client application runs both business logic and the code to display output to the user, and is also known as a thick client.

In a multitier client/server system, the client application logic is run in two locations:

The thin client is run on the user’s local computer and is focused on displaying results to the user. The business logic is located in server applications running on a server. Thin clients request functions from the server application, which is itself a multithreaded application capable of working with many concurrent users. The server application is the one that opens connections to the database server and can be running on the same server as the database, or it can connect across the network to a separate server operating as a database server. This is a typical scenario for an Internet application. For example, a server application can run on a Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) and service thousands of thin clients running on the Internet or an intranet.

The server application uses a pool of connections to communicate with a copy of SQL Server. SQL Server can be installed on the same computer as IIS, or it can be installed on a separate server in the network.

Having data stored and managed in a central location offers several advantages:

Each data item is stored in a central location where all users can work with it. Separate copies of the item are not stored on each client, which eliminates problems with users having to ensure they are all working with the same information. Business and security rules can be defined one time on the server and enforced equally among all users.

This can be done in a database through the use of constraints, stored procedures, and triggers. It can also be done in a server application.

A relational database server optimizes network traffic by returning only the data an application needs. For example, if an application working with a file server needs to display a list of the names of sales representatives in Oregon, it must retrieve the entire employee file. If the application is working with a relational database server, it sends this command:

SELECT first_name, last_name

FROM employees

WHERE emp_title = 'Sales Representative'

AND emp_state = 'OR'

The relational database sends back only the names of the sales representatives in Oregon, not all of the information about all employees.

SQL is the acronym for Structured Query Language. This language is used for developing database related applications. Before developing any application of database it is necessary to understand what is Database?

14.3 Database:

A database can be defined as the collection of tables of relative Application. For example if you are developing an application for maintaining the information of an university then you have to create database with name STUDENT after words you can create any number of tables related to that Student.

Now a table is nothing but the combination of Rows & Columns. The columns are known as the Attributes or Properties of the table and Columns are known as Tuples, which are the actual values of the respective column headers.

15. QUERIES

The queries can be defined as statements, which can be used to develop the database related applications. There are different queries in SQL some major queries are explained below.

15.1 CREATE DATABASE Database_Name

This query will create a database with the name given in place of Database_Name.

Ex: CREATE DATABASE Student

Now you have to enter your database by using the following query.

USE Database_Name

Ex: USE Student

Now developer can create the tables related to university in this database. To create the tables the following query can be used.

CREATE TABLE Table_Name (Column_Name DATATYPE)

Here Table_Name and Column_Name are any valid variable names and datatype should any of the following.

Integer-> Represented as int, and can be used if the column is going to hold whole numbers.

Real Numbers-> Represented as float, and can be used if the column is going to hold fractional numbers.

Characters-> Represented as varchar, and can be used if the column is going to hold characters or strings. If you are mentioning the datatype of a column as varchar then it also necessary to mention the space within the bracket, which indicates how many characters a column should store.

Ex: CREATE TABLE student (STD_No int, Emp_Name varchar (10), marks float)

After the creation of tables we can insert the values in that table by using the following query.

INSERT INTO Table_Name VALUES (Values)

If the datatype of a column is int or float then you can write the Numbers directly but if datatype is varchar then the values should be enclosed within the single quotations

Ex: INSERT INTO student (1,’R.R. Sharma’, 20)

Apart from above mentioned queries SQL has many more queries as

Mentioned below.

Update -> Used to update the contents of a table

Alter -> To alter the table i.e., You can add the columns or remove the columns

Drop -> to drop tables or databases

Delete -> to delete contents of the table.

16. SYSTEM ANALYSIS

16.1 FEASIBILITY STUDY.

Analysis and evaluation of a proposed project to determine if it is technically feasible, is feasible within the estimated cost, and will be profitable. Feasibility studies are almost always conducted where large sums are at stake. Also called feasibility analysis.

The main difficulty with this You have probably noticed that the same web page may look different depending on what browser you are using and even what version of the browser. In some cases a web page will not work properly unless you upgrade to the latest version of a particular browser. Likewise a web page may work fine with an older browser but not a newer one.

Now consider the company that deploys several browser-based applications. And then suddenly one of those applications comes out with an upgrade that requires an upgrade to the current standard company browser. If the company decides to upgrade the browser, there is a likely consequence that some features of at lease one of the browser-based applications will not work with the new browser.

This leaves the company paralyzed. Do they upgrade the browser and risk breaking some of the other browser-based applications? Do they allocate extensive resources to testing the deployed browser-based applications to see if they will still work with the new browser before deploying it? Or do they stay entrenched on old technology?

16.2 TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY:

Also the developers of browser-based applications have to make sure their user interface works with multiple browsers and versions of those browsers. This means it takes more time to develop and test each new feature, and every time a new version of a browser comes out this problem becomes worse. It also means that it takes more time and is more expensive to implement new features in browser-based systems. Consequently, web client systems will eventually overtake browser-based competitors with either lower price or better functionality or both.

The time slot could be 100 milliseconds. If job1 takes a total time of 250ms to complete, the Round-Robin scheduler will suspend the job after 100ms and give other jobs their time on the CPU. Once the other jobs have had their equal share (100ms each), job1 will get another allocation of CPU time and the cycle will repeat. This process continues until the job finishes and needs no more time on the CPU.

Modelling of actual finish time, while feasible, is computationally intensive. The model needs to be substantially recomputed every time a packet is selected for transmission and every time a new packet arrives into any queue.

16.3 OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY:

Lastly there is the issue of performance. Web-based applications work by sending data over the internet or intranet. This mode of communication is relatively slow compared to network speeds and when the database becomes large there will be performance problems with many web-based applications. However, it is easy for a web-client application to solve performance problems caused by data transmission simply by caching data on the client computers.

Browser based applications can do some caching too, however, the cached data is generally stored in RAM and lost when the browser is closed. PR-Tracker on the other hand uses a cached database to improve performance. When PR-Tracker is closed the cache remains intact. Consequently, there are many actions PR-Tracker Web Client can do in a split second that may take minutes with a browser-based application or may even be impossible.

16.4 ECONOMICAL FEASIBILITY

The proposed system won’t be that much economically costly as this application does not require any hardware part and interfacing with that. Only one web server you need which you will get very easily and economically.

19. SOURCE CODE

19.1 HOME PAGE

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Homepage.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

{

text-decoration:none;

font-family:Times New Roman;

font-weight:bolder;

color:Red;

text-align:center;

}

a:hover

{

text-decoration:underline;

color:Blue;

}

</style>

</head>

<div>

<tr>

ONLINE COURSE PORTAL FOR A COMPUS

</td>

</tr>

</table>

<tr>

<a href="Student.aspx">STUDENT</a>

</td>

<a href="ProfileStudent.aspx">PROFILESTUDENT</a>

</td>

<A href="Requirement.aspx">REQUIREMENT</A>

</td>

<a href="Recruitement.aspx">RECRUITEMENT</a>

</td>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

</div>

</form>

</body>

</html>

19.2 REGISTER

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Register.aspx.cs" Inherits="Register" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

</head>

<div>

<tr>

WELCOME TO REGISTERPAGE

</td>

</tr>

</table>

<tr>

<asp:CreateUserWizard ID="CreateUserWizard1" runat="server" BackColor="#E3EAEB"

BorderColor="Blue" BorderStyle="Groove" BorderWidth="8px" Font-Bold="True"

Font-Names="Verdana" Font-Size="Medium" Height="428px"

ContinueDestinationPageUrl="~/Login.aspx">

<ContinueButtonStyle BackColor="White" BorderColor="#C5BBAF"

BorderStyle="Solid" BorderWidth="1px" Font-Names="Verdana"

ForeColor="#1C5E55" />

<NavigationButtonStyle BackColor="White" BorderColor="#C5BBAF"

BorderStyle="Solid" BorderWidth="1px" Font-Names="Verdana"

ForeColor="#1C5E55" />

<HeaderStyle BackColor="#666666" BorderColor="#E6E2D8" BorderStyle="Solid"

BorderWidth="2px" Font-Bold="True" Font-Size="0.9em" ForeColor="White"

HorizontalAlign="Center" />

<CreateUserButtonStyle BackColor="White" BorderColor="#C5BBAF"

BorderStyle="Solid" BorderWidth="1px" Font-Names="Verdana"

ForeColor="#1C5E55" />

<asp:CreateUserWizardStep runat="server" />

<asp:CompleteWizardStep runat="server" />

</WizardSteps>

</asp:CreateUserWizard>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

</div>

</form>

</body>

</html>

19.3 LOG IN

%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Login.aspx.cs" Inherits="Login" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

</head>

<div>

<tr>

WELCOME TO LOGINPAGE

</td>

</tr>

</table>

<tr>

<td>

<asp:Login ID="Login1" runat="server" BackColor="#F7F6F3" BorderColor="#FF6699"

BorderPadding="4" BorderStyle="Groove" BorderWidth="5px"

CreateUserText="NEW USER??" CreateUserUrl="~/Register.aspx"

DestinationPageUrl="~/Homepage.aspx" Font-Bold="True" Font-Names="Verdana"

Font-Size="Medium" ForeColor="#333333" Height="213px" Width="282px">

<LoginButtonStyle BackColor="#FFFBFF" BorderColor="#CCCCCC" BorderStyle="Solid"

BorderWidth="1px" Font-Names="Verdana" Font-Size="0.8em" ForeColor="#284775" />

<TitleTextStyle BackColor="#5D7B9D" Font-Bold="True" Font-Size="0.9em"

ForeColor="White" />

</asp:Login>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

</div>

</form>

</body>

</html>

19.4 PROFILE STUDENT

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="ProfileStudent.aspx.cs" Inherits="ProfileStudent" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

</head>

<div>

<tr>

PROFILE STUDENT

</td>

</tr>

</table>

<tr>

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False"

BackColor="#CCCCCC" BorderColor="#999999" BorderStyle="Solid" BorderWidth="3px"

CellPadding="4" CellSpacing="2" DataKeyNames="RegNo"

DataSourceID="SqlDataSource1" ForeColor="Black">

<asp:CommandField ShowSelectButton="True" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="RegNo" HeaderText="RegNo" ReadOnly="True"

SortExpression="RegNo" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="AggregateMarks" HeaderText="AggregateMarks"

SortExpression="AggregateMarks" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="Percentage" HeaderText="Percentage"

SortExpression="Percentage" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="TechnicalSkill" HeaderText="TechnicalSkill"

SortExpression="TechnicalSkill" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="WorkExperience" HeaderText="WorkExperience"

SortExpression="WorkExperience" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="Habits" HeaderText="Habits"

SortExpression="Habits" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="Description" HeaderText="Description"

SortExpression="Description" />

</Columns>

</asp:GridView>

<asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource1" runat="server"

ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:ConnectionString %>"

DeleteCommand="DELETE FROM [ProfileStudent] WHERE [RegNo] = @RegNo"

InsertCommand="INSERT INTO [ProfileStudent] ([RegNo], [AggregateMarks], [Percentage], [TechnicalSkill], [WorkExperience], [Habits], [Description]) VALUES (@RegNo, @AggregateMarks, @Percentage, @TechnicalSkill, @WorkExperience, @Habits, @Description)"

SelectCommand="SELECT * FROM [ProfileStudent]"

UpdateCommand="UPDATE [ProfileStudent] SET [AggregateMarks] = @AggregateMarks, [Percentage] = @Percentage, [TechnicalSkill] = @TechnicalSkill, [WorkExperience] = @WorkExperience, [Habits] = @Habits, [Description] = @Description WHERE [RegNo] = @RegNo">

<asp:Parameter Name="RegNo" Type="String" />

</DeleteParameters>

<asp:Parameter Name="AggregateMarks" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="Percentage" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="TechnicalSkill" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="WorkExperience" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="Habits" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="Description" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="RegNo" Type="String" />

</UpdateParameters>

<asp:Parameter Name="RegNo" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="AggregateMarks" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="Percentage" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="TechnicalSkill" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="WorkExperience" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="Habits" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="Description" Type="String" />

</InsertParameters>

</asp:SqlDataSource>

<br />

<asp:DetailsView ID="DetailsView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateRows="False"

BackColor="#CCCCCC" BorderColor="#999999" BorderStyle="Solid" BorderWidth="3px"

CellPadding="4" CellSpacing="2" DataKeyNames="RegNo"

DataSourceID="SqlDataSource2" ForeColor="Black" Height="50px" Width="125px">

<asp:BoundField DataField="RegNo" HeaderText="RegNo" ReadOnly="True"

SortExpression="RegNo" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="AggregateMarks" HeaderText="AggregateMarks"

SortExpression="AggregateMarks" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="Percentage" HeaderText="Percentage"

SortExpression="Percentage" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="TechnicalSkill" HeaderText="TechnicalSkill"

SortExpression="TechnicalSkill" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="WorkExperience" HeaderText="WorkExperience"

SortExpression="WorkExperience" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="Habits" HeaderText="Habits"

SortExpression="Habits" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="Description" HeaderText="Description"

SortExpression="Description" />

<asp:CommandField ShowInsertButton="True" />

</Fields>

</asp:DetailsView>

<asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource2" runat="server"

ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:ConnectionString %>"

DeleteCommand="DELETE FROM [ProfileStudent] WHERE [RegNo] = @RegNo"

SelectCommand="SELECT * FROM [ProfileStudent] WHERE ([RegNo] = @RegNo)"

<asp:ControlParameter ControlID="GridView1" Name="RegNo"

PropertyName="SelectedValue" Type="String" />

</SelectParameters>

<asp:Parameter Name="RegNo" Type="String" />

</DeleteParameters>

<asp:Parameter Name="AggregateMarks" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="Percentage" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="TechnicalSkill" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="WorkExperience" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="Habits" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="Description" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="RegNo" Type="String" />

</UpdateParameters>

<asp:Parameter Name="RegNo" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="AggregateMarks" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="Percentage" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="TechnicalSkill" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="WorkExperience" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="Habits" Type="String" />

<asp:Parameter Name="Description" Type="String" />

</InsertParameters>

</asp:SqlDataSource>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

</div>

</form>

</body>

</html>

20. Conclusion

The application makes the course maintenance easier and multiple users can use it at one instant. The application is used to maintain the updated information about the final year students and passed out students securely. The application is used to provide details of the courses information offered by the course handler. The application is faster and efficient. The application is very useful in cases where a users needs to select the course details from list.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Ø http://www.google.com

Ø http://www.wikipedia.com

Ø http://www.asp.net

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