Lipoprotein Classification:

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Lipoprotein Classification:
Lipoprotein can be classified based on
  1. Hydrated density: Gofman in 1954 separated lipoproteins by ultracentrifugation into five major density classes.
  2. Eletrophoretic mobility: Teselius (1947), Frederickson and colleagues (1967) reported existence of two lipoprotein classes separated by moving boundary electrophoresis.
  3. Apo-Lipoprotein content: Alaupovic and colleagues

            As the proportion of lipid to proteins in lipoprotein complexes increases, the density of the macromolecule decreases. This property is used in separating the various lipoproteins in the plasma by ultracentrifugation .The rate at which each lipoprotein floats through a solution of sodium chloride (sp.gravity-1.063) is expressed as “Svedberg” (Sf) unit of floatation. One Sf unit is equal to 10-13 cm/s/dyne/g at 260C.

            Relatively high content of triglycerides in chylomicron and VLDL is a reflection of their principal roles in the transport of triglycerides from intestines to liver and from liver to other tissues. There is also evidence indicating that LDL is formed from VLDL fraction by the removal of triglycerides.

            LDL (about 20nm) carries most (about 2/3rd) of the cholesterol in normal plasma. The clinical laboratory usually analyze only for total cholesterol content and total triglycerides content of the plasma. Knowing the general composition of the lipoproteins one can draw useful inference about lipoprotein patterns.

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