Chemical test for Tragacanth

FORMATTING

          It is used for tracks and sector. There are two types of storage device. They are:

1. Magnetic Storage Device
2. Optical Storage Device

Format:

          By using format command we can create tracks and sectors in the disk (floppy and hard disk) also used to create the bootable disk (the disk which contains the bootable system file it is called bootable disk).

A:\> Format (drive)

Switches:

C:\> Format /s with system file      Format / Q --> Quick Format

          In operating system there are two types of versions

1. CUI (Command User Interface)
2. GUI (Graphical User Interface)

Attrib:

To set attributes to the file or folder

Syntax:

C:\> Attrib <switch> <file or folder name>

Switch

+ R – to set as read only

+ H – to set as hidden

+ S – to set as system files

+ A – to set as active

(-) – it to remove the attributes

Xcopy:

          It is used to copy directory or we can copy the complete drive

Switch

/S à To copy the subdirectory

/E à to copy with empty file or directory

DIR/AH : It is used to see the hidden files

DIR/AR: It is used to read only

C:\> Xcopy/S/e        collect f:\college or school

Doskey

          To save the run command upto restart

F7: To check the list of run command history

F9: To see the line number

Alt + F7: To delete the run command history

Difference between Dos and windows

Dos	Windows
Command user interface (CUI)	Graphical user interface (GUI)
Single user operating system (OS)	Multi user operating system
We cant play games with graphical effects	We can play games or any games with graphical effects
We cant use pointing device	We can use pointing device
We cant do networking or walking	We can do networking
We cant use multi media	We can use multimedia
There is no internet facilities	We can use internet facilities
Maximum it supports 16 bit colour	It supports thousands of colours with animation