ANTIOXIDANTS

 ANTIOXIDANTS 

In our modern world, we are constantly exposed to environmental factors and lifestyle choices that can generate harmful molecules known as reactive oxygen species (ROS) or free radicals. Having unpaired electrons makes them highly reactive which causes severe problems to cellular components such as protein oxidation, lipids peroxidation, DNA damage, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, neurodegenerative diseases, eye damage, weakened immune system, and accelerated aging. This phenomenon is known as Oxidative Stress. Oxidative stress refers to an excess of ROS, including free radicals such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydroxyl radical (OH•), and non-radical species like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). These ROS are highly reactive and can cause damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA within cells. There are various factors that can expedite the process of oxidation. These include but are not limited to stress, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, exposure to sunlight, pollution, and several other elements.

 Antioxidants are substances that possess the capability to counteract harmful molecules called free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). They achieve this by providing electrons or hydrogen atoms, which help to hinder or reduce oxidative harm to cells and tissues. In simpler terms, antioxidants act as protective agents by neutralizing damaging molecules and preventing cellular damage caused by them. Directly, Antioxidants can interact with and neutralize free radicals, thereby preventing them from causing damage to cellular components such as lipids, proteins, and DNA. Indirectly, Antioxidants can also act by regenerating other antioxidants. For example, vitamin E can be regenerated by vitamin C after it has donated an electron to a free radical. Potential therapies: Cardio, Neuro, Cancer prevention, aging-related diseases.