CONCLUSION - Effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding hospital acquired infections and their prevention among the patients admitted in selected hospitals

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CONCLUSION

This chapter deals with the conclusion, implication, recommendation and limitations of the present study. The statement of the problem is, “A pre examined study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding hospital acquired infections and their prevention among the patients admitted in selected hospitals at Kalaburgi.”

The major findings of the study revealed that, majority of patients 48(80%) had inadequate level of knowledge about nosocomial infection and its prevention, whereas 12(20%) of patients had moderate level of knowledge and none of patients had adequate knowledge regarding nosocomial infection and its prevention before administration of planned teaching programme.

However, significant increase in the post-test knowledge score of patients  after the administration of planned teaching programme. The post test data revealed that, majority of patients 40(66.67%) had average level of knowledge about nosocomial infection and its prevention whereas 20(33.33%) of patients had moderate level of knowledge and none of patients had inadequate knowledge regarding nosocomial infection and its prevention after administration of planned teaching programme.

From the data analysis and findings of the present study, it is concluded that there was significant difference between the pre-test knowledge level and post-test knowledge level of patients regarding nosocomial infection and its prevention. The mean knowledge score of 50 patients  during the pre-test was 39.3% where as it had increased up to 76.0% during the post-test as an effectiveness of planned teaching programme. Therefore the difference assessed was 32.3% between pre-test and post-test. Hence on-going teaching and health education programs can further improve the knowledge of patients.

Implications:

Medical surgical nursing is a recent development in the Indian Nursing set up. More & More "Nurses are taking up this specialty gradually the role of the Medical surgical nurses is expanding into liaison Nursing. The assessment of knowledge about nosocomial infection and its prevention will help Nurses to plan organize health education in deficit areas of knowledge, guidance and counseling services for clients. This will assist in adopting healthy living and promote health.

Nursing Practice:

·         A regular health education program should be carried out by hospital Nurse, in hospitals.

·         Preventive centers may be organized to provide services.

·         Teaching patients to provide with a secure & healthy home environment.

·         Organize health camps to identify high-risk patients in the hospital areas.

·         Nurses are the back bone of the health care set up of any country.

·         The expanded role of professional nurse emphasizes the activities, which includes promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative aspects.

·         Nurses play an important role in disease prevention and health promotion.

·         Health information and knowledge on infection control can be imparted through various methods like mass media, lecture and planned teaching programme.

·         Study findings shows that nurses need to update their in knowledge relating to hospital acquired infection focusing on aspects like causes, spread of infection, prevention and complications. This will enable them to utilize standard practices like standard precaution, handwashing, disinfection and sterilization, biomedical waste management on day to day basis.

·         The outcome of such practices can be checked in terms of parameters like prevalence of ventilator associated pneumonia, urinary tract infection, blood stream infection and surgical wound infections.

Nursing Education

  • Nurse educators need to lay more emphasis on nosocomial infection and its prevention in the curriculum and orient the students to hospitals during clinical postings.
  • Nurse educators should also give more emphasis in primary secondary and tertiary prevention of nosocomial infection and its prevention.
  • Conducting in service education program for Nurses & health workers.

·         One of the leading functions of nursing is imparting education with newer knowledge.

·         Nurse educators can make use of this structured teaching programme, to orient their new recruits.

·         The study findings reveals that structured teaching program was beneficial in improving knowledge. So such programs should be included in the introductory sections of the curriculum of nursing students. So that they will get a prior knowledge on infection control before they are expose to the clinical area. This will help them to practice it on daily basis and to provide a quality based nursing care to patients.

Nursing Administration

  • Nurse administrators should take the initiative in organizing continuing education programs for Nurses and patients on nosocomial infection and its prevention.
  • Appropriate teaching / learning material needs to be prepared and made available for Nurses and patients.
  • Helping in early identification of nosocomial infection in clients from other settings by providing proper tools and aids.
  • Legal control Law enforcing agents of all levels should be committed and more vigilant.

·         Hospital is an organization which provides a higher level of care especially nurses and the growing nursing students.

·         Based on the study findings it is necessary to include such programs as induction classes for newly joined staff nurses. This will improve their knowledge and adhere these aspects to their practical area. Even such teaching programs can be in cooperated to in-service and continuing nursing education so that they will update their knowledge.

Nursing Research

·         Study findings have added to the body of knowledge regarding knowledge levels of nurses in HAI. The prepared tool can be tested in various setting.

·         More research is needed to find out the causes and factors predisposing to nosocomial infection. It can also help in finding out better alternatives for individuals at risk and at the time when they are on the verge of becoming victims of nosocomial infection.

Limitations:

  • The sample was limited to single setting and the findings could not be generalized beyond this geographical group.
  • The sample used for study belongs to one hospital.

Recommendations:

·         The study can be replicated on a larger sample.

·         A true experimental study can be done using random sampling technique.

·         A comparative study can be done between patients admitted in different hospitals.

·         A study can be conducted to assess the staff nurses knowledge and practice regarding infection control.

·         A study to be carried out to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge and practice regarding infection control.

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